BAYFIELD COUNTY — Fatal Tick-Borne Virus Case

A person in northern Wisconsin has sadly died after being infected with a tick-borne virus, specifically the Powassan virus. This incident was confirmed by the Bayfield County Health Department, noting that the fatality occurred in early June.

This individual was among three reported cases in Wisconsin this year, all of whom required hospitalization, according to a bulletin from the state’s Department of Health Services dated June 24.

The Powassan virus is predominantly transmitted by the blacklegged tick, or deer tick, which can cause symptoms like fever, headaches, vomiting, and general weakness. There’s a risk of the virus leading to more severe conditions, such as encephalitis—indicated by symptoms like altered mental states, seizures, and paralysis—or meningitis, which may present severe headaches and neck stiffness.

Statistically, about 10% of severe cases result in death, and it’s estimated that half of those who survive face long-lasting health issues, such as memory problems and recurring headaches, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

The risk factors for developing neurological diseases from this virus include individuals with weaker immune systems, children, and older adults. The DHS has refrained from disclosing the age of the deceased due to privacy laws. Unfortunately, there are currently no treatments or vaccines available for the Powassan virus. The Department recommends using tick repellent, regularly checking for ticks, and steering clear of areas where ticks are prevalent.

Cases of the Powassan virus are increasing in both Minnesota and Wisconsin, with the former reporting 14 cases and the latter 12 cases in 2024. The reasons for this uptick remain uncertain, but it’s suggested that the rise in deer populations—the main hosts for blacklegged ticks—and an increase in human habitation near wooded areas may contribute, as reported by the News Tribune in April.

Ticks can become infected with PFowassan when they feed on an infected animal, like skunks or rodents, yet the precise source of the virus is not fully known. Interestingly, ticks can also be born with the virus.

The Powassan virus was first identified in Wisconsin in 2003. From then until 2024, a total of 67 cases have been reported in the state, primarily in the northern regions, according to the DHS.