High Lp(a) Levels and Aspirin Therapy
DEAR PEOPLE’S PHARMACY: I’ve discovered that my Lp(a) levels are quite elevated. Your column has highlighted that this poses a significant cardiovascular risk.
You recently discussed research on aspirin for those with high Lp(a) levels. What dosage did the participants take in that study?
A. Elevated levels of lipoprotein(a), or Lp(a), are recognized as a considerable risk factor for coronary artery disease and possible heart valve issues. Many doctors hesitate to conduct tests for this particular lipid because effective treatments are still lacking.
Aspirin was previously advised for heart disease prevention, even among individuals with low heart attack risk. However, modern cardiologists believe that the risks of severe bleeding might outweigh any potential benefits for those at low risk.
A recent study indicated that aspirin therapy (100 milligrams daily) can help lower cardiovascular event risks for those at high risk due to elevated Lp(a) (published in European Heart Journal — Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy, Feb. 8, 2025). Additionally, some cardiologists are recommending PCSK9 inhibitors like alirocumab (Praluent) and evolocumab (Repatha) for individuals with raised Lp(a) levels, as these medications can somewhat reduce this risk factor.
Toilet Design Concerns
Q. I’ve seen numerous comments on your site about toilet clogs due to large bowel movements. Why aren’t toilets designed better?
Even if no one in your home faces this issue, wouldn’t you rather avoid embarrassing a visitor? It’s likely that most people have encountered this situation at least a few times. Couldn’t smarter engineering solve this problem?
A. People vary in their output, and it’s unclear if engineering can fully address this. Most household toilets share similar designs, though some newer models might be more effective. Toilets with wider trapways and stronger flushing power seem less likely to clog.
An alternative approach could be increasing fiber intake, which may lead to softer, more easily flushable stools. Many readers suggest using a double-flush method to reduce blockages.
For instance, one person shared: “Start flushing as the bowel movement begins, which helps carry it down. Then flush again once you’re done. It works every time and keeps the plumbing clear.”
You can find our ten tips for preventing constipation and strategies for managing irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in our “eGuide to Overcoming Digestive Disorders,” available under the Health eGuides tab at the website.
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