China’s J-35 Stealth Fighter Jet Takes a Significant Step

In September, China’s J-35 stealth fighter jet made its inaugural launch from a Fujian aircraft carrier, a significant advancement for China’s naval aviation ambitions. This achievement signals the country’s intent to compete against the F-35 and the United States’ naval supremacy.

Having a background in flying F-18s and F-22 Raptors, I’ve seen firsthand what it entails to transition a fifth-generation fighter from concept to reality. Leading the Marine Corps’ first operational F-35 squadron was a significant part of my career, and it taught me that practical implementation can be much more complex than it appears on paper.

The J-35 represents a notable upgrade for the Chinese air fleet. Engineered to withstand the rigorous conditions of carrier operations—like catapult launches and harsh marine environments—this fifth-generation fighter is designed with a reinforced airframe, sturdier landing gear, and specialized systems for naval operations. On the surface, it seems quite impressive.

However, from my experiences, there’s often a gap between appearance and capability. Although successful launch and recovery tests are commendable, they are just the beginning. A new aircraft undergoes extensive testing and refinement, which can extend over several years. Understanding the nuances of this process isn’t straightforward.

While the J-35 can take off from a carrier, that alone won’t guarantee its operational success. The challenges are numerous, particularly in terms of engine reliability, stealth, and parts availability—factors that become even more demanding at sea. The environmental conditions are not just technical challenges; they are also operational and logistical hurdles. Anyone familiar with aircraft carrier operations knows how unforgiving the environment can be.

When I first piloted the F-35, I realized its potential to revolutionize combat operations. Yet, leading pilots in the first F-35 squadron underscored that success relies more on the dedicated personnel than just on technology. Leadership—the guiding force behind the military—is what truly sets the U.S. military apart.

Our fleet is backed by thousands of committed crew members who maintain advanced tech and work cohesively, always prepared for combat in various conditions. Their extensive training, discipline, and mindset act as powerful multipliers—qualities that cannot be quantified on paper.

China may be able to construct planes and carriers that closely resemble those used by the U.S., but the unique leadership culture within American military aviation is irreplaceable. The initiative and adaptability of those operating these systems create an impressive operational strength.

As we look to the future, the J-35 will surely evolve—becoming more advanced in various aspects. Nonetheless, the aircraft is only as effective as the people flying it and the support teams behind them.

It’s critical that we maintain our edge in this area. Investing in the training and capabilities of American military personnel remains paramount. The essence of what makes a fighter effective was captured perfectly in Top Gun when Maverick declared, “It’s not a plane, it’s a pilot.” That statement is undeniably true. Stealth fighters themselves don’t win conflicts; it’s the people who operate them, often under the toughest conditions, who ultimately lead the charge.