It seems like daily, there’s news linking products to a higher cancer risk. Recent findings suggest that deli meats, alcohol, sugary drinks, and ultra-processed snacks might be linked to colorectal cancer.
In the last few months, there’s been growing worry about canned sparkling water as well. Influencers on platforms like Instagram and TikTok have raised concerns about these drinks, often presented as healthier alternatives to soda. They allege that such beverages contain undisclosed chemicals and high levels of so-called “forever chemicals” that could lead to cancer.
To get a clearer picture, two colorectal cancer specialists were contacted to weigh in on the matter. Here’s a summary of what they had to say:
Is there a link between sparkling water and colorectal cancer?
The worry surrounding sparkling water isn’t about the carbonation itself, but rather the packaging. Many cans are lined with protective coatings or may be contaminated during the production process—this includes per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), or forever chemicals. Plastic bottles, another common packaging option, are also linked to PFAS.
Dr. Maen Abdelrahim, a specialist in gastrointestinal medical oncology, explained that these chemicals are termed “forever chemicals” because they don’t break down in the environment and build up in the human body.
Research has connected PFAS exposure to increased risks for various cancers, including kidney and testicular cancers, in addition to issues like impaired immunity and thyroid disease.
Some studies have identified PFAS in popular sparkling water brands, but according to Dr. Steven Lee-Kong, the levels typically found are often below the current federal advisory limits. He pointed out that the dosage of PFAS is crucial, and the amounts released from beverage cans are significantly lower than the concentrations known to cause cancer in studies.
However, there’s a caveat. Even low levels of PFAS don’t mean the drinks are entirely safe. “The science is evolving,” Lee-Kong remarked, noting that some health experts suggest even minimal exposure may be a concern.
How could PFAS exposure possibly lead to cancer?
Abdelrahim elaborated that PFAS might act as endocrine disruptors, promote oxidative stress, or interfere with DNA repair. Over time, he noted, these effects could potentially contribute to cancer development. Additionally, evidence suggests that PFAS can disrupt the intestinal barrier, leading to inflammation and changes to gut microbiota, as explained by Lee-Kong.
There’s a well-documented correlation between chronic inflammation and colorectal cancer. Some PFAS may even alter intestinal cells in ways that could encourage tumor growth. “While research is ongoing and findings can vary, the possibility of PFAS promoting inflammation and cellular changes is a primary concern regarding colorectal cancer risks,” Lee-Kong added.
Should you be worried about sparkling water and colorectal cancer?
The truth is, it’s still a bit unclear. Currently, there’s no direct proof that canned sparkling water or seltzer can lead to colon cancer, according to Abdelrahim. He stated, “Given the current evidence, canned sparkling water is not viewed as a major source of PFAS exposure.”
More extensive, long-term studies will be necessary to clarify the connection between canned drinks and cancer risks. Until more definitive information is available, it’s wise to consume sparkling water thoughtfully, as per Lee-Kong’s advice: drink in moderation and vary your beverage choices.
Overall, the safest route for hydration is typically filtered water. “When opting for canned beverages, make them part of a balanced diet,” Lee-Kong suggested.
Abdelrahim also emphasized focusing on established risk factors for colorectal cancer. This includes keeping a healthy weight, reducing processed and red meats, avoiding tobacco, moderating alcohol, staying active, and following screening guidelines as you age.
Lastly, it’s important that regulatory agencies like the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) take this issue seriously and continue their investigations into the risks involved.
“Staying informed through trustworthy sources like the EPA and being thoughtful about your consumption habits are practical steps everyone can take for long-term health,” Lee-Kong said.
