Dr. Punam Krishan Offers Guidance on PPIs for Acid Reflux and Indigestion
On BBC Morning Live, Dr. Punam Krishan emphasized caution for individuals using proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) like omeprazole to manage conditions such as heartburn, acid reflux, and indigestion. In the UK, around 25% of adults experience acid reflux at some point, often triggered by large meals.
For those facing ongoing issues, doctors may prescribe PPIs to provide relief. However, Dr. Punam warned about the potential risks of using these medications long-term and stressed the need for regular check-ups. She works as an NHS GP and is a resident doctor on BBC’s Morning Live.
In addition to her role as a medical professional, Dr. Punam also engages with the public through media and children’s literature. While discussing with hosts Gethin Jones and Helen Skelton, she began by breaking down what acid reflux actually means.
She explained, “Acid reflux is related to what’s happening in your stomach. Our stomachs produce acid to help digest food. There’s a small valve at the top of the stomach, acting as a trapdoor.” She elaborated on how this valve, if too relaxed from factors like large meals or alcohol, can cause stomach acid to flow back into the esophagus, leading to a burning sensation.
When asked about common treatments, Dr. Punam noted that there are various options. For occasional symptoms, many turn to antacids or medications like Gaviscon to neutralize stomach acid. “These can be effective and are generally used as needed,” she added.
For more severe discomfort, PPIs like omeprazole and lansoprazole are often prescribed. “These have really changed how we tackle acid reflux by addressing acid production directly,” she said.
However, Dr. Punam reminded viewers that these medications are not intended for extended or unnecessary use. Long-term PPI usage might increase the risk of low magnesium, vitamin B12 deficiencies, and gastrointestinal infections like C. difficile. She underscored the importance of routine evaluations for those on PPIs.
If someone using PPIs experiences persistent diarrhea or a shift in their bowel habits, it’s crucial to contact a doctor. Dr. Punam pointed out, “Medications like PPIs can affect the natural balance of bacteria in our gut, potentially leading to issues like chronic diarrhea.” She encouraged patients to remain vigilant and maintain regular consultations with their healthcare providers.
Helen commented on how easy it is to continue something that works without realizing how long it’s been used, to which Dr. Punam agreed, highlighting the necessity of scheduled reviews.
How Often Should PPI Users Consult Their GP?
If you’re taking over-the-counter omeprazole, it should generally not be used for longer than two weeks without medical advice. For those on a prescription, physicians typically recommend monitoring every six to twelve months according to individual health needs.
If advised to take omeprazole for more than a year, regular assessments become crucial to mitigate potential long-term effects.
When Should Symptoms Prompt Action?
Low magnesium might present as muscle cramps, fatigue, and irregular heartbeat, alongside milder signs like decreased appetite or general weakness. Serious deficiencies could lead to numbness and cognitive changes.
Vitamin B12 deficiency can manifest as fatigue, weakness, and a painful, inflamed tongue, plus neurological symptoms like tingling or balance issues.
Signs of a C. difficile infection might include watery diarrhea, stomach cramps, fever, nausea, and loss of appetite.
What Tests Can Confirm These Conditions?
Helen asked about non-medical options for symptom relief. Dr. Punam responded that persistent symptoms warrant a visit to the GP for further investigation. Tests might include checking for Helicobacter pylori, a bacterium that boosts acid production, and possibly a gastroscopy to examine the stomach for inflammation or ulcers.
Alternative Lifestyle Changes
Dr. Punam advised that while medications are beneficial, lifestyle changes can also significantly help with heartburn and acid reflux. Eating smaller meals, avoiding lying down right after eating for at least three to four hours, and propping up pillows to elevate the upper body while sleeping can all make a difference. Tight clothing should be avoided, as it can create pressure on the stomach.
She suggested gentle teas like chamomile and ginger while cautioning against mint for reflux sufferers, as it might exacerbate the issue. Understanding personal food triggers and maintaining a food diary could also help manage symptoms effectively.
