Summer and Illness: A Closer Look

WASHINGTON — Summer brings warm weather, outdoor activities, and, surprisingly, cold and flu symptoms.

For many, these elements don’t seem to mix well. Perhaps it’s due to common misconceptions about germs, or maybe because some viruses do indeed show lower activity during the summer months.

However, it’s still possible to catch a cold or even something worse in the summertime. Recent federal data shows that COVID-19 cases are on the rise in most states, with an increase in emergency department visits across all age groups.

Here’s what you should keep in mind about summer viruses.

Current Circulation of Colds and the Flu

According to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, medical visits for three major illnesses — COVID-19, influenza, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) — are currently quite low.

While flu cases are declining and RSV levels remain stable, COVID-19 is seeing an upward trend across many states. Wastewater analysis indicates a “moderate” level of COVID-19 activity nationwide.

The CDC’s wastewater data reveals that the XFG variant, known as “stratus,” is currently prevalent in the U.S. This variant can cause a severe sore throat and is classified as a “variant under monitoring” by the World Health Organization. The WHO has indicated that it is only slightly better at evading immune responses, and current vaccines remain effective against it.

Experts believe COVID-19 might eventually follow a winter seasonal pattern similar to other coronaviruses, though recent years have shown a tendency for cases to surge in late summer, as noted by Dr. Dean Blumberg from UC Davis Children’s Hospital.

Other viruses making rounds at this time include those causing “hand, foot and mouth” disease, which presents with cold-like symptoms in addition to sores and rashes, as well as norovirus, often dubbed the stomach flu.

Do Viruses Spread Less in Summer?

Many viruses typically circulate with the seasons, picking up steam as temperatures drop in the fall and winter. So, while fewer people tend to experience stuffy noses and coughs in summer, the cold weather itself isn’t the culprit.

Experts suggest that our behavior plays a significant role. During warmer months, folks often open windows and enjoy gatherings outside, which reduces germ spread.

However, respiratory viruses are still very much present. Once the heat drives people indoors for air conditioning, doctors start to see more illnesses. In overly hot climates, summer can, in fact, serve as its own cold season.

“I grew up on the East Coast, and everyone gets sick in winter,” shared Dr. Frank LoVecchio, an emergency room physician and researcher at Arizona State University. “Here in summer, it’s different. Why? Because you’re inside more often.”

Should You Get Another COVID-19 Booster with Stratus Around?

For those healthy individuals, timing is vital when considering vaccinations. Ideally, it’s best to get vaccinated a few weeks before a big event like a trip or wedding. However, for many, it might be wise to wait until fall, anticipating a potential increase in COVID-19 cases.

“You want to ensure you’re fully protected when it matters most,” according to Dr. Costi Sifri from the University of Virginia Health System.

Those at a higher risk for complications should definitely consult their doctors about personal vaccination strategies. Older adults and those with compromised immune systems may require more boosters, he explained.

Are More Younger Kids Getting Sick with COVID-19?

Last month, the CDC reported an increase in emergency room visits among children under 4. Dr. Blumberg noted this makes sense, given that many are experiencing the virus for the first time or remain unvaccinated.

Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. mentioned in May that COVID-19 vaccinations would no longer be recommended for healthy kids, a decision deemed scientifically unfounded by health experts. The American Academy of Pediatrics continues to advocate for COVID-19 vaccines for children older than six months.

How Can You Lower Your Risk?

The same preventive measures that work year-round against colds, flu, and COVID-19 apply in the summer as well, according to doctors.

Spending time outdoors, washing hands regularly, wearing masks when necessary, and staying home if you’re feeling unwell are all wise practices.