After the passing of Chadwick Boseman in 2020 due to complications from terminal colon cancer, viewership of related health topics spiked. It was, I guess, a kind of awakening for many about the disease. There’s even a term for it—the “Boseman effect.” It’s interesting how a tragedy can sometimes spark a broader awareness.
This month, colorectal cancer has gained attention again following the death of 48-year-old actor James Van Der Beek. It highlights, perhaps, the pressing nature of this issue. In fact, colorectal cancer is now a leading cause of cancer deaths among Americans under 50, outpacing other cancers.
On the brighter side, it’s notable that up to half of colorectal cancer cases could be preventable through healthier lifestyle choices. Dr. T. Cristina Sardinha, who directs Colorectal Surgery Services at Catholic Health, suggests a few ways for young adults to potentially lower their risk.
Get Tested
The American Multisociety Task Force on Colorectal Cancer now recommends that individuals aged 45 to 49 at average risk may not need to start screening until they turn 50. This is a shift from the previous guidelines. Boseman, sadly, didn’t make it that far—he was just 43 when he passed after battling this illness privately for about four years. It’s unclear if there was a family history of colorectal cancer or if a genetic predisposition played a role in his case.
If someone has a close family member diagnosed with colorectal cancer, testing might need to begin as early as 40. Sardinha also advises that if a person has Lynch syndrome, they should start colonoscopies between 20 and 25, whereas those with familial adenomatous polyposis should begin testing around ages 10 to 12.
In terms of practicality, adults should get screened through to age 75. Between 76 and 85, evaluations might vary based on individual health factors.
There’s a range of screening options available, including blood and stool tests. Sardinha emphasizes that while any test is better than none, a colonoscopy is regarded as the “gold standard.” Although it’s invasive and might come with risks—like bleeding—its diagnostic and therapeutic benefits are significant.
Improve Your Diet
A good diet can help combat chronic inflammation, which is a key player in cancer development. Sardinha suggests trying to eat about 20 to 30 grams of fiber daily through whole grains, fruits, and vegetables, and to limit red and processed meats. Additionally, she notes that alcohol is a well-known risk factor; even moderate consumption can increase one’s risk.
“It’s not a stress-free topic,” she points out, “but if you drink regularly, be aware of the risks involved.”
Take Care of Yourself
Staying active is equally crucial for lowering the risk. Sedentary lifestyles are often linked to obesity, which comes with its own set of risks. Aim for moderate to vigorous physical activity for at least 150 minutes a week; it can cut the risk by about 20% to 25%. Sleep also plays a role, as short sleep duration could increase risk due to hormonal imbalances.
Recognize Symptoms
Sometimes, changes in bowel habits can be easy to overlook. Van der Beek initially attributed his changes to his coffee intake; it wasn’t until 2023 that he received a stage 3 diagnosis. Many may misinterpret symptoms, attributing them to other issues like stress or dietary choices.
Women, for example, might mistake heavy menstrual bleeding for something less serious. Dr. Sardinha points out the challenges faced by pregnant women in diagnosing conditions since rectal bleeding might often be dismissed as hemorrhoids.
People should take any persistent changes—like constipation or diarrhea—seriously, particularly those lasting two to three weeks, alongside any unexpected weight loss or abdominal discomfort before or during bowel movements.
