Excavation at University of Oxford Reveals Medieval Treasures

Recently, archaeologists unearthed the remains of several academic halls at the University of Oxford, shedding light on the lives of medieval students.

This excavation has been ongoing at Hertford College, part of the University of Oxford, since 2024, coinciding with the construction of a new library.

The findings were highlighted during a public open day at the university in September. Archaeologists found remnants of three medieval halls: Hart Hole, Black Hole, and Cut Hole.

These structures predate the refoundation of the University of Hartford in 1874. Hart Hall, built in the 1280s, offered particularly rich medieval artifacts. Officials noted that discoveries date back to the Norman Conquest in 1066, extending into the 19th century.

Among the items uncovered were ancient book clasps used to secure manuscripts, as well as a stylus, comparable to a modern pen or pencil.

Interestingly, the excavation site had various food waste remnants, including animal bones and oyster shells. Researchers found that the fish remains came from the River Thames in London, roughly 80 miles away.

Additionally, items indicative of medieval trade were discovered, such as coins, trade tokens, and personal belongings like combs and clothing buckles. There were also clay pipes, drinking vessels, and even an unusual wooden bowling ball, presumably used for early lawn games.

The highlight of the excavation was a remarkably preserved reading stone, believed to be made of crystal or glass, which aided scholars in studying medieval manuscripts.

Ben Ford, a senior project manager with Oxford Archaeology, described the reading stone as an “exceptional find,” emphasizing its intact condition and continued usability.

Ford expressed that it felt very fitting for a library’s construction to reveal artifacts related to historic book-making practices.

This significant discovery adds to the narrative of Britain, a nation rich in history, and its fascinating archaeological finds in 2025.

In related news, archaeologists in Scotland recently found evidence of a prehistoric village on a proposed golf course, and a Roman settlement was identified in the Cotswolds, not far from Oxford, with exciting artifacts like a cavalry sword turning up at the site.