Teenager in North Carolina Critically Ill from Rare Amoeba Infection

A teenager in central North Carolina is in critical condition due to a rare infection linked to an amoeba typically found in warm freshwater, according to state health officials.

The North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services reported that the teen is suffering from an infection caused by Naegleria fowleri, a tiny organism capable of damaging the brain. Officials did not specify where the teen encountered the amoeba, but noted that it poses risks to anyone swimming in warm lakes, rivers, or ponds.

The infection can occur when contaminated water enters the nose, which often happens if someone jumps or dives into warm freshwater. Health authorities clarified that Naegleria fowleri is not present in saltwater or well-maintained, chlorinated swimming pools.

To respect the family’s privacy, no additional personal details were shared.

Dr. Zack Moore, the State Epidemiologist, expressed sympathy for the teen’s family, friends, and loved ones during this challenging time, highlighting the rarity of such infections but underscoring that the amoeba is present in North Carolina and other parts of the U.S.

This type of infection, called primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM), can lead to severe headaches, fever, nausea, and vomiting. In many cases, symptoms can escalate rapidly to include a stiff neck, seizures, and coma.

The disease progresses quickly and is often fatal within approximately five days after the onset of symptoms, with fewer than ten cases reported annually across the United States.

Infections tend to occur more frequently during prolonged periods of high heat, when water temperatures increase and levels drop. The amoeba thrives in warm water and can withstand temperatures up to 115 degrees.

To help individuals safely enjoy lakes or ponds, the NCDHHS has suggested several safety tips:

• Close your nose to prevent water from entering, or use nose clips.
• Keep your head above water when swimming or playing in freshwater.
• Avoid submerging your head in hot springs or thermal waters.
• Refrain from jumping or diving into warm freshwater during periods of elevated water temperatures and low levels.
• Steer clear of disturbing the sediment in lakes, ponds, or rivers.