A lesser-known disease that might pose serious health risks could be signaled by changes in your feet, according to medical professionals.
Peripheral artery disease, or PAD, is a condition where narrowed or obstructed arteries limit blood flow to the legs and feet. Around 21 million Americans are affected by this serious condition, which increases the chances of death from heart attacks or strokes, and is a major cause of avoidable limb amputations in the U.S.
Many individuals may not notice any symptoms early on, often brushing off issues like discomfort or fatigue in their legs as merely signs of aging.
However, as the disease advances, doctors have warned that patients might experience sores on their toes or feet that do not heal, or heal very slowly, signaling a problem. Dr. Mounir Haurani, a vascular surgeon, noted that these sores are indicators of a more severe and limb-threatening issue, such as tissue loss.
Initially, these sores can begin as small blisters but can eventually evolve into deep ulcers where soft tissue is exposed. Areas affected can include the nail bed and the tips of toes, and sometimes the pads of the toes or feet.
Estimates suggest that about one in every 20 Americans suffers from PAD, but approximately 75% are unaware they have it.
The condition is primarily diagnosed in individuals over 65 and is more common among those with diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, obesity, or smokers.
It’s estimated that about 33% of affected patients may die within five years, with 20% experiencing a heart attack or stroke, and around 150,000 facing amputation each year.
Dr. Haurani emphasized that PAD is a widespread issue in the U.S. and globally, accounting for a significant portion of a vascular surgeon’s work. He often sees patients in North Carolina with this condition presenting with non-healing wounds.
While the earlier stages of PAD typically don’t show obvious symptoms, patients might notice hair loss on their lower legs or feel that those areas are colder compared to the rest of their body. Other signs can include paler skin or a shinier appearance on the foot, and over time, calf muscles may become thinner.
As the condition worsens, patients might experience burning sensations or cramping in their feet and toes, along with leg pain, especially at rest.
The progression of PAD happens in two stages; symptoms can either escalate quickly or take months to shift from early to more advanced warning signs.
Treatments, as mentioned by Dr. Haurani, might include recommending lifestyle changes like increased walking, adopting a healthier diet, and quitting smoking. Surgical options to open blocked arteries can also be available to restore adequate blood flow.
Patients might receive prescribed medications such as statins to mitigate the risk of clot formation.
Dr. Haurani pointed out that a significant number of Americans have never heard of PAD, suggesting that awareness is a crucial first step. He reassured that even with the risks, the disease can be managed effectively, allowing individuals to lead fulfilling lives.
Notably, celebrity Phylicia Rashad has spoken publicly about the impact of PAD on her family, as eight relatives, including her father and grandparents, had the disease and died from heart attacks or strokes.
It’s important to distinguish PAD from conditions like varicose vein insufficiency, which affects the veins. Dr. Haurani mentioned that preventive measures could include engaging in daily walks of 20 to 30 minutes, healthy eating, and avoiding smoking.
This information arrives during Peripheral Artery Disease Awareness Month, emphasizing the need for increased recognition and understanding of the condition.
