Understanding Psoriasis: A Rising Concern in the UK

Psoriasis, characterized by unbearably itchy skin and unsightly red patches, significantly impacts the self-esteem of those affected—around 2 million individuals in the UK alone. Recent statistics indicate that the prevalence of this skin condition has jumped nearly ten percent over the last decade. Yet, public understanding remains limited.

Experts emphasize the mental health ramifications of psoriasis. Approximately 40 percent of those living with the condition tend to steer clear of dating, social gatherings, or even basic interactions like shaking hands due to anxiety over visible skin lesions. This trepidation appears justified; a 2024 survey revealed that over half the population would feel uneasy dating someone with psoriasis, while more than a third would hesitate to have a meal or offer a handshake. A common misconception propelling this discomfort is the belief that psoriasis is contagious.

Additionally, psoriasis can pave the way for other serious health complications. Roughly one-third of patients may go on to develop psoriatic arthritis, a painful inflammatory joint disorder. In a notable instance from 2019, reality TV star Kim Kardashian shared her diagnosis, detailing severe hand pain that left her unable to even hold a toothbrush, alongside images of red patches on her skin.

Long-term health risks for those with psoriasis are concerning. Research suggests they have nearly a 50 percent higher likelihood of suffering a heart attack or stroke. Alarmingly, the NHS often fails to provide effective treatment, with some patients waiting up to 15 years for a diagnosis.

Even those who manage to secure an appointment frequently receive inappropriate treatment. Dr. Ellie Cannon, a GP columnist, expressed concern last month about the Health Service’s shortcomings in providing suitable medications, as numerous patients reported enduring years—sometimes decades—of ineffective care.

For instance, an 85-year-old man first developed scaly patches in 2000, which eventually spread to cover his scalp and lower back, yet he has never been prescribed medication through the NHS. Another individual, 79, reported a body covered in patches for which he had never found an effective treatment. Similarly, a 69-year-old woman revealed that the creams prescribed exacerbated her symptoms.

Experts now assert that lifestyle factors may trigger psoriasis, indicating that simple changes, particularly in diet, could alleviate symptoms. Professor Christopher Griffiths, a dermatologist at King’s College London, states, “I’ve dedicated my career to researching psoriasis, and it’s evident that lifestyle alterations combined with existing treatments can significantly enhance patient outcomes.”

Defining and Addressing Psoriasis

Psoriasis results from an overreaction of the immune system, which sends inflammatory signals prompting skin cells to multiply too rapidly. This abnormal growth manifests as red, scaly patches that may itch and bleed when scratched.

Though some individuals inherit a genetic predisposition to psoriasis, not everyone carrying the associated gene develops the condition. It appears that most cases are “triggered” by specific events.

“While genetics is important, there are many other contributing factors,” explains Professor Griffiths. “Psoriasis is typically initiated by certain triggers.”

Research shows that age is a crucial trigger, as the immune system’s functionality diminishes over time, heightening the risk for autoimmune conditions, including psoriasis. Furthermore, certain medications frequently prescribed to older adults, like blood pressure medications, have been associated with an increased risk of developing the disease. This trend might explain the rise in cases, especially considering the aging population in Britain.

Studies reveal that inflammation from psoriasis can damage blood vessels over time, heightening the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Fortunately, advancements in treatment for cardiac issues mean fewer patients are succumbing to these dangers.

Other triggers unrelated to age include bacterial infections, particularly strep A, which has been linked to a significantly higher likelihood of developing psoriasis later in life. Yet, lifestyle factors are more prevalent among triggers, suggesting modifications in behavior can help mitigate or even prevent the condition. For instance, exposure to sunlight is one of the strongest indicators regarding the onset of psoriasis. People in regions with limited sun exposure, such as northern Europe, are at greater risk than those in sunnier climates.

This geographic correlation is evident even within the UK, where residents in Scotland have a roughly 30 percent higher likelihood of developing psoriasis compared to those in the southern parts of England. The reasons behind this relationship with sunlight are still under investigation.

Some experts propose that low vitamin D levels, derived from sunlight, may play a role, whereas others suggest that colder regions may see more viral infections influencing the condition. Nonetheless, many patients report their symptoms often improve during summer months, possibly as sunlight seems to reduce the inflammatory response. Interestingly, some female patients may experience worsening symptoms due to sunlight.

Stress is also considered a significant trigger. A 2025 study from China revealed that about 60 percent of patients recalled stressful events preceding their psoriasis symptoms. “Scientific reasoning supports this,” says Professor Griffiths, stating that stress impacts the immune system in ways that might lead to skin changes and increased inflammation.

Incorporating stress-relief techniques like talking therapies or exercise can help, leading many psoriasis clinics to include psychological support in their treatment regimens.

Moreover, evidence indicates that excessive alcohol use and smoking worsen psoriasis. According to the Psoriasis Association, smoking is particularly linked to forms of psoriasis affecting the palms and soles of feet. “In my experience, patients who smoke or drink often find their psoriasis challenging to manage, especially in relation to alcohol,” remarks Professor Griffiths.

Diet, however, stands out as one of the most influential factors linked to psoriasis. Research shows that obese individuals are twice as likely to develop the condition, as fat cells trigger inflammatory substances in the body. Remarkably, studies indicate that weight loss can lead to reversals in symptoms. A recent systematic review highlighted in 14 studies noted improved quality of life and symptom reduction among those who lost weight, especially when the initial case was more severe.

Considering weight-loss injections as a treatment option, a medical trial involving Mounjaro indicated that about one-third of participants experienced complete clearance of patches.

Experts also note the frequency of eating plays a role; individuals who snack regularly tend to be more at risk for psoriasis, whereas intermittent fasting could have positive effects. This could be explained by autophagy—where the body eliminates damaged cells—this process might not occur as effectively in those who constantly graze.

Certain foods have been specifically linked to improvement in symptoms. A survey from 2017 indicated that around one-third of patients saw significant gains after eliminating red meat and pork from their diets.

There’s increasing evidence that diets high in ultra-processed items, like ready meals and sugary snacks, elevate the risk of psoriasis. These foods are often high in sugar and salt, contributing to inflammatory responses in the body. Patients cutting back on sugar often report symptom improvements.

“That’s why I always suggest a Mediterranean diet to my patients,” says Professor Griffiths, emphasizing its benefits due to its focus on vegetables, fruits, whole grains, beans, and oily fish.

Most psoriasis patients in the NHS initially receive steroid creams aimed at reducing inflammation. If these prove ineffective, biologics might be offered, which work by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cells. Medications like adalimumab and infliximab can reduce lesions significantly, but combining these drugs with lifestyle changes is essential.

“We’ve got access to amazing treatments now that weren’t available decades ago,” underscores Professor Griffiths. “However, they yield the best results when paired with lifestyle adjustments. Patients should take an active role in managing their health.”

Stephanie’s Story: A Sugar-Free Success

Stephanie Trotter, a 76-year-old charity executive from the Isle of Wight, first noticed itchy, scaly patches while building her new home. The discomfort started under her breasts and around her belly button, quickly spreading over her entire body.

“It was awful,” recalls Stephanie. “I’d never had a skin issue before, and I felt dirty.” After a visit to her doctor, she was diagnosed with psoriasis, yet treatments suggested were unhelpful. Despite her GP’s referral to a dermatologist, she found no relief.

“I spent a fortune on creams,” Stephanie recalls, “but only the one for my scalp worked, and even that was temporary. I was at my wit’s end.”

Everything changed when she read a book mentioning how cutting sugar could alleviate psoriasis symptoms. She realized that during the onset of her condition, she had been eating lots of jam and toast due to construction disruptions.

“That was probably a trigger,” she says. “So, I decided to eliminate sugar from my diet immediately.”

Stephanie banned sugary staples including orange juice and red wine. Astonishingly, within days, the patches began to shrink. Two months later, she was completely clear.

“Ten years later, I’m healthier than ever,” she shares. “I try to inform as many psoriasis patients as possible about the benefits of cutting sugar. It might not work for everyone, but it’s worth a shot.”