Weight Loss Drugs and Muscle Maintenance

Individuals on weight-loss medications are being advised to incorporate strength training into their routines to counteract potential muscle loss that could be comparable to “ten years of aging.”

Studies indicate that medications such as Mounjaro and Wegovy can lead users to shed considerable amounts of lean muscle along with fat. This can lead to notable decreases in strength, particularly in older adults, which may increase their risk of frailty and falls.

Fitness professionals argue that more emphasis should be placed on the importance of strength exercises for those using these medications.

With around 2.5 million people in the UK taking these drugs, Dr. Matthew Wade, a researcher at UKActive, suggests that medical professionals should emphasize that enhancing muscle mass can be beneficial for patients.

“The quick introduction of GLP-1 has brought significant changes for many patients, but to avoid weakening the body, simple strength exercises are vital for long-term success,” Wade remarked. “The health and fitness industry can assist individuals on weight-loss medications, yet we hope to see the government collaborate more extensively with fitness, nutrition, and pharmaceutical agencies to provide essential support for patients.”

A review published last year revealed that these medications resulted in an “immediate and significant loss of lean mass,” averaging around 6kg per individual—more than what might typically occur over a decade. The research also suggested that this loss could potentially be mitigated through resistance training.

This aligns with guidance from the NHS. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence recommends that those using these medications should not treat them as isolated solutions, but rather complement them with exercise and dietary adjustments.

A report from UKActive advocated for gyms to partner with the government to create specialized programs for users of these medications, referred to as GLP-1 agonists.

Bryce Hastings, head of research at Les Mills, which contributed to the report, noted that engaging in exercise may also help minimize weight gain after discontinuing the medication.

“Further research is necessary to fully understand the connection between weight loss medications and strength training,” he stated. “However, the evidence and suggestions provided in our report mark the beginning of this exploration and offer practical initial steps to support the increasing number of individuals using weight loss treatments.”