Voters in Suburban Milwaukee Approve Measure to Limit Data Centers

In a significant decision, voters in Port Washington, Wisconsin, overwhelmingly supported a measure on Tuesday aimed at restricting future data centers in the area, with a reported two-to-one margin. The residents who initiated this voter referendum believe it marks a shift in strategy against data centers that would notably boost local energy consumption to power artificial intelligence.

Christine Le Jeune, who established the nonprofit Great Lakes Neighbors United, remarked that this action “sets a precedent,” suggesting it could inspire other communities to take similar measures.

Later this year, at least three other municipalities are anticipated to consider similar proposals. For instance, in Ohio, a statewide ballot is being pursued to limit the construction of specific data centers.

The Port Washington referendum does not block plans for a $15 billion, 1.3 gigawatt data center facility supported by tech leaders like OpenAI and Oracle. This project is one of several “Stargate” AI initiatives being developed with backing from the Trump administration. Instead, the referendum mandates that new data center projects get voter approval before receiving tax incentives for construction.

Le Jeune noted that local residents have ongoing concerns regarding the data center’s implications for transparency, noise pollution, access to fresh water, and rising energy costs.

Some local business organizations voiced objections, arguing that the referendum could hinder development, not just for the data center but across the board. Vantage Data Centers, which is developing a large AI data hub, claimed the initiative would create jobs in the area.

However, the implementation of the referendum could be delayed due to an ongoing legal dispute. The Metropolitan Milwaukee Association of Commerce is attempting to block the measure, contending that it contravenes state law.

In June, Monterey Park, California, will vote on whether to prohibit new data center construction within its limits. Meanwhile, Augusta Township, Michigan, will decide in August on a proposal to halt an ordinance permitting a data center project. Janesville, Wisconsin, is set to vote in November on legislation that could obstruct General Motors’ initiative to convert a former factory into an AI facility.