Ancient Christian Mosaic Unearthed in Urfa, Turkey
Recently, archaeologists in Turkey made an exciting discovery: a 1,500-year-old Christian floor mosaic in Urfa, a city often considered to be the birthplace of Abraham.
According to reports from the state media, Anadolu Agency, on October 19, this ancient find was located in Urfa Castle, an important historical site dating back to the Byzantine era.
The mosaic, believed to have been created between 460 and 495 AD, showcases Urfa’s rich history. Once known as Edessa, this city has drawn pilgrims from both Muslim and Christian traditions, though some scholars now suggest that the ancient city of Ur in Iraq might hold that title.
Images from the excavation display intricate geometric patterns formed from small tiles, along with inscriptions in Koine Greek. Various animal and plant motifs also enhance the design.
Moreover, archaeologists found three burial sites believed to be associated with religious persons, in addition to mosaics shaped like medallions that represent air, water, earth, and fire.
Güllis Kozbe, who led the excavation, shared with Anadolu Agency that this mosaic likely belonged to a Christian site, possibly a church or basilica dedicated to martyrs.
“The inscription indicates that this floor was constructed to honor Count Anascas and his family, while also naming significant church figures like Bishop Quiros and Bishop Elias,” Kozbe elaborated.
This discovery not only highlights the area’s historical significance but also offers insights into who was responsible for spiritual leadership during that time, Kozbe noted. The symbols featured in the mosaic could provide clues about ancient religious practices.
Unfortunately, Urfa Castle sustained damage from the Türkiye-Syria earthquake in February 2023. In response, the governor of Urfa, Hasan Surdak, stated the importance of this find in preserving the city’s historical attributes. “By the end of 2026, we hope to complete the restoration and reopen the castle for visitors,” he said.
Surdak added that this Byzantine mosaic is expected to greatly enhance Sanliurfa’s cultural and historical tourism appeal.
This find is part of a broader trend of archaeological discoveries in Asia Minor that have illuminated aspects of early Christianity. Just last month, excavations revealed a Roman hospital converted into a Christian holy site in the ancient city of Kaunos. Additionally, more than 60 tombs were uncovered at Colossae, another biblically significant location.
