Ancient Churches Discovered in Egypt’s Western Desert

Recently, archaeologists discovered two churches in Egypt that date back around 1,500 years, shedding light on the early spread of Christianity in the western desert region.

Egypt’s Ministries of Tourism and Antiquities announced these findings in a press release late last July. The churches were located in the Calga Oasis, an ancient settlement situated approximately 350 miles southwest of Cairo.

This site is well-known for its significant remnants of early Christian culture, including cemeteries and church structures. It has been continuously inhabited, thanks largely to its underground water sources.

One interesting find is an inscription warning unbelievers: “Only the righteous.” In an additional translation from the press release, it was mentioned that the remains of the entire village of Hurga Oasis were also found. The discovery included multiple mud-brick homes, some with plaster still visible on the walls.

Officials even shared images of the site, showcasing the ruins of the mud constructions within the village.

Beyond the residential buildings, an oven and a sizable clay jar intended for food storage were also excavated. Other artifacts included carved ceramic pieces, glass, stone fragments, and several burial sites.

While many discoveries were made, the focal point of the excavation centered on the two churches. These structures belong to the early Coptic period, which started in the fourth century during Egypt’s Christianization.

One of the churches was described as a grand cathedral, primarily made of mud brick, boasting expansive halls and two preserved corridors, which officials deemed impressive.

The smaller church had a rectangular design and was “encircled by the remnants of seven exterior pillars,” officials noted.

Some inner walls of the larger church appeared to feature Coptic inscriptions, and a structure for services was located on its west side. Beyond the church itself, the team also uncovered remarkable murals depicting Jesus healing the sick.

No images of the murals have been disclosed yet, likely owing to conservation concerns.

Authorities highlighted that this area is significant as it illustrates the transition from pagan beliefs to Christianity.

The translated press release emphasized that these findings signify the inception of the Coptic era in Egypt, marking a pivotal chapter in the history of Kharga Oasis. It reflects the importance of this western region as a hub for religious and social activities across different epochs.

This discovery also underscores the cultural and religious diversity that has characterized Egyptian civilization over the centuries.