China tests brain-computer interfaces to keep up in the AI competition.

China’s Ambitious AI Goals

China is reportedly making strides to merge human cognitive abilities with machines, as part of its strategy to enhance its competitiveness in the AI sector.

In particular, the Chinese government is employing Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) technology. This allows for direct communication between the brain and external devices, aiming to “enhance human cognition and teaming.” A presentation by an expert from Georgetown, shared with US officials, shed light on these developments.

According to the Washington Times, the range of BCIs includes invasive, minimally invasive, and non-invasive options.

Invasive BCIs involve surgical implantation of electrodes in the brain, while non-invasive ones use scalp sensors to track brain activity. There are also minimally invasive techniques involving implantable devices that don’t breach brain tissue, as noted by the National Library of Medicine.

The US primarily concentrates on language models for advancing its AI technology. In contrast, China seems to favor unconventional methods for achieving artificial general intelligence (AGI)—the type of AI that could surpass human capabilities in cognitive tasks, according to William Hannas, a lead analyst at the Center for Security and Emerging Technology.

Hannas explained that merely increasing model parameters won’t lead to human-equivalent AI. He emphasized the myriad of possibilities that lie ahead.

Having previously worked for the CIA, Hannas gathered insights from Chinese government documents concerning AI funding strategies over recent years, revealing several brain-inspired approaches. Furthermore, statements from Chinese state media indicate aspirations of integrating AI as a physical aspect of humanity.

In 2018, a couple of engineers focusing on a brain-inspired strategy for AI were reportedly approached by Chinese officials for collaboration.

While there’s ongoing discussion about China’s advancements in artificial intelligence, Michael Krazios, director of the White House Science and Technology Office, has expressed that the US remains the leading force in AI innovation. He pointed out that strategies implemented during the Trump administration have bolstered this position.