National Debt Reaches $40 Trillion: A Growing Concern
This summer marked a significant milestone for the United States. Sadly, it wasn’t the anticipated America 250 festivities but rather the sobering reality of surpassing the $40 trillion threshold in national debt.
$40 trillion—it’s hard to wrap your head around such a figure. To put it into perspective, that’s more than 120% of our GDP. That sounds more like a crisis scenario for a developing nation, rather than a boast for the world’s largest economy.
Now, while the debt itself poses a myriad of challenges, there are two pressing issues that deserve our attention. First, there’s the astonishing speed at which this debt has accumulated. Just in 2017, we crossed the $20 trillion mark, and now, less than a decade later, we’ve doubled that figure to $40 trillion.
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This leads us to the second critical issue: the cost of financing this immense debt.
We’ve lost what’s often called the “exorbitant privilege” of having countries eagerly stockpiling U.S. dollar reserves no matter what. This shift means that investors, if we can find them, are now more cautious, demanding higher premiums to lend money to our government.
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We’re currently running very high deficits—roughly $2 trillion annually— and the Treasury has increasingly been opting to finance our debts on a short-term basis. Although this might seem cheaper at first glance, such an approach necessitates constant refinancing and tends to fuel inflation.
The truth is, the interest payments on our debt—money spent on financing what we’ve already purchased—exceed our military expenditures. If this trend persists, it could potentially become the largest line item in the government budget.
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This begs the question: what can we actually do about it? Is there a way forward?
Yes, we certainly have the means to manage our debt. However, the crux of the matter seems to be a lack of political will.
This isn’t just a problem for one political party; it’s more of a bipartisan issue. The federal government generates over $5 trillion in revenue each year, a sum that actually exceeds the GDP of all other nations except the U.S. and China, roughly equivalent to Germany’s GDP.
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Yet, despite these enormous revenues, our government still operates at a $2 trillion deficit.
Shockingly, many officials continue to sidestep necessary reforms, ignoring rampant waste, fraud, and abuse, which some estimates suggest could be costing between $250 billion to $1 trillion yearly.
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Congress seems unable to responsibly tackle changes to our entitlement system.
The reality is, due to years of irresponsible governance, every action—or inaction—by Congress ultimately costs Americans. Politicians often prefer to attribute rising inflation to external factors rather than confront the political fallout from making tough, necessary reforms.
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This all circles back to the absence of political will. Change is unlikely unless there are accountability measures in place; without them, many politicians are incentivized to merely pass the responsibility along.
Warren Buffett once suggested that he could erase deficits in five minutes simply by enacting a law making all sitting members of Congress ineligible for reelection whenever the deficit exceeded 3% of GDP. I’d propose a couple of modifications: first, change the threshold to “any time the budget isn’t balanced,” and second, ensure that corrective actions come from cutting costs, rather than increasing taxes.
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Incentives shape outcomes, and right now, Congress seems encouraged to pursue policies that do not serve the best interests of Americans.
IF WE WANT TO BE ABLE TO SPEND ON THINGS THAT MATTER, POLITICAL WILL MUST CHANGE
To preserve our ability to fund crucial areas like national defense and halt deteriorating purchasing power, we need a shift in either political will or incentives. They need to align more with outcomes that truly benefit the American public rather than just the politicians.

