Vatican City
The Cardinals are set to convene on May 7th at the Sistine Chapel to elect a new Pope. Here’s a brief overview of key terms related to the event.
Camerlengo: After a Pope’s death or resignation, the Cardinal Camerlengo manages the Vatican’s daily affairs. Currently, Kevin Farrell from Dublin holds this position, having been appointed by Pope Francis in 2019.
Candidate: While theoretically any baptized male Catholic can be elected as Pope, the last non-cardinal chosen was Pope Urban VI back in 1378.
Conclave: This term originates from Latin words meaning “with key” and refers to a closed gathering where the Cardinals come together to elect the Pope.
Dean: Traditionally, the dean of the Cardinals oversees the Conclave. Giovanni Batista Rey is the current dean, but since he is over 80, the responsibility shifts to Pietro Parolin, who was the Secretary of State before the Pope’s passing.
Election: According to rules established by Pope Paul VI in 1970, Cardinals under 80 years of age will elect Francis’ successor. About 133 Cardinals are expected to cast their votes next week.
“Extra omnes”: This phrase, translating to “Everyone Out,” is called for by the master of liturgical rituals to ensure that only those participating in the Conclave remain in the Sistine Chapel.
Fisherman’s Ring: This is the ring worn by the Pope to seal documents. Once a bishop passes away or resigns, the ring is rendered unusable. Following the election, the Camerlengo presents a new one to the newly elected Pope.
General Congress: Prior to the Conclave, these private meetings allow Cardinals to familiarize themselves with one another and discuss the challenges and qualities needed for the new Pope.
“Habemus Papam”: Meaning “We have a Pope” in Latin, this phrase is used to announce the election of the Church’s new leader.
The Holy Spirit: Catholics believe that the decision regarding the new Pope is guided by the Holy Spirit, invoked by the Cardinals upon entering the Sistine Chapel.
Name: The new Pope typically chooses a name that honors a previous clergy member he resonates with. For instance, Jorge Bergoglio selected the name Francis in homage to St. Francis of Assisi.
Secret Oath: This is a vow administered to the electors and those assisting them during the conclave.
Protodeacon: The Cardinal who announces the new Pope’s name from the St. Peter’s Cathedral loggia. Currently, this role is held by Cardinal Dominique Manberti.
Tearing Room: Following the election, the new Pope spends time alone in a small room next to the Sistine Chapel, known informally as the “City of Tears,” to process his emotions.
Sistine Chapel: This 15th-century chapel, adorned with Michelangelo’s frescoes, serves as the venue for the conclave.
Santa Marta Guest House: Pope Francis chose to reside here instead of using the traditional papal apartment; it also serves as the lodging for Cardinals during the Conclave.
Smoke: Cardinals vote using ballots, which are counted and then burned. If there’s no two-thirds majority, chemicals are added to darken the smoke emitted from the Sistine Chapel chimney. Conversely, if a new Pope is elected, different chemicals are used to produce white smoke, signaling the announcement to those gathered in St. Peter’s Square.
