It’s not just your imagination; there are real differences in food additive regulations between the UK and the US.
The UK tends to have more rigorous rules regarding food additives, primarily because it demands a preventive approach. This means that additives must be proven safe before they’re allowed. In contrast, the US has a more reactive stance, permitting additives until they’re shown to be harmful.
Health and Human Services Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. has been vocal about reforming food regulations in the US. He recently shared intentions to phase out eight petroleum-based food dyes from the food supply, though there are additional ingredients causing health worries.
A representative from HHS mentioned, “We are not commenting on any potential policy changes at this time.” They also added that Secretary Kennedy is dedicated to reviving an investigation into the underlying reasons behind the surge of chronic diseases.
Let’s examine three food ingredients that are considered unsafe in the UK but are still allowed in the US.
Potassium Bromate
This synthetic additive is often used in commercial baking to enhance flour’s gluten structure, which helps produce lighter and whiter bread dough.
In 1990, the UK banned potassium bromate after it was linked to cancer in laboratory animals. Meanwhile, the US permits it under certain restrictions set by the Food and Drug Administration, although many are questioning its safety.
Recently, California took the lead in banning potassium bromate, with the law set to be enforced in 2027.
Azodicarbonamide
Often termed “yoga mat chemical,” this synthetic compound improves bread texture and flour whiteness, and it’s also used in foamed plastics.
Health warnings have been issued regarding azodicarbonamide. Studies indicate that repeated inhalation—especially in workplace environments—could lead to asthma, with potential cancer links due to its by-products.
While this ingredient is not permitted in the UK, the FDA does allow it with some restrictions, although its safety is still under review.
Mineral Oil Hydrocarbons
This summer, concerns were raised in the UK when certain candies were found to illegally contain Mineral Oil Aromatic Hydrocarbons (MOAH) and Mineral Oil Saturated Hydrocarbons (MOSH).
These hydrocarbons can inadvertently enter the food supply through contaminated packaging or processing methods. The UK Food Standards Agency has warned that these substances can potentially cause DNA damage and increase cancer risk, particularly with long-term exposure.
As for MOSH, the current consensus is that it’s not perceived as a significant health risk, although ongoing research is looking into its long-term effects.
In the US, regulations regarding MOAH and MOSH in foods remain vague, lacking definitive restrictions, which raises further questions about food safety standards.
