Impact of AI on Adolescent Friendships
A recent study from Arizona State University suggests that relying on artificial intelligence for friendships might negatively affect adolescent development. Published in The Lancet Child and Adolescent Health Journal, the research indicates that dependence on certain AI tools can limit young people’s chances to build essential interpersonal skills through real-life interactions.
One significant danger identified is termed “relationship displacement.” This occurs when teenagers substitute human interaction with conversations with AI. According to the study’s authors, avoiding challenging discussions with family or peers may hinder young people’s ability to develop critical relationship skills that help guard against depression, anxiety, and loneliness.
Participants in the study shared experiences like seeking validation from an AI chatbot after conflicts with romantic partners or using AI for academic help rather than approaching a classmate. These patterns may undermine their capacity to form meaningful social connections. Chatbots, which are powered by AI, are designed to simulate human conversations.
“Technology is advancing at an astonishing pace, which is difficult for researchers and policymakers to keep up with,” noted the study’s lead author, Tao Ha, an associate professor of psychology at ASU.
Ha emphasized the importance of social learning in adolescence, stating that these connections serve as foundational experiences that benefit individuals throughout their lives. “You really need these building blocks to learn the skills necessary for successful relationships,” he added.
Another concerning issue is “maladaptive relationship learning,” where youth may develop skewed expectations about relationships, as AI can reinforce unhealthy ideas. High school senior Susana Ortega expressed surprise at how many teens share concerns about AI. “The main worry was how AI is replacing real human connections and limiting essential human needs that computers can’t fulfill,” she remarked.
Nonetheless, researchers acknowledge that AI technology also presents opportunities. It can offer immediate, non-judgmental support to young people and foster their emotional growth. A recent study from Florida Atlantic University and the University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire reported that over 60% of teens had used conversational AI chatbots at least a few times, with 11.4% doing so daily.
However, these chatbots can also provide untrue or harmful information, including inappropriate content. Ortega pointed out that AI is designed to please the user, which can inhibit genuine learning experiences that arise from facing challenges. “If you’re always satisfied with everything, you miss out on the learning opportunities that come from obstacles,” she noted.
