Dengue Virus Cases Continue to Increase in Hawaii
Dengue virus cases are sharply rising in Hawaii, with the state now reporting its 12th case of the year. The latest case was identified on Maui, while the other eleven were found on Oahu.
According to the Hawaii Ministry of Health, the individual contracted the virus after being exposed to an infected area during travel.
Tiger Mosquitoes: Unwelcome Guests
Dengue is transmitted through bites from infected mosquitoes, particularly the tiger mosquito, which is considered one of the most invasive species. The virus is commonly found in many parts of the world, including the Americas, Africa, Asia, and the Pacific Islands, as indicated by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
Countries such as Mexico, Fiji, French Polynesia, Tonga, Samoa, the Philippines, Colombia, and Brazil are also witnessing an uptick in dengue cases. Additionally, Puerto Rico and American Samoa are facing ongoing outbreaks.
CDC data reveals that the United States had nearly 2,000 dengue cases in 2024. Despite the presence of mosquitoes in Hawaii, health officials clarify that dengue is “not endemic” there and is primarily limited to travelers.
Symptoms and Treatment
Common symptoms of dengue include severe headaches, muscle and joint pain, nausea, vomiting, and rashes, typically appearing within two weeks of infection. Most individuals recover within a week, although symptoms may last from 2 to 7 days.
Dr. Mark Fisher, a Regional Medical Director at International SOS, noted that while dengue is generally mild, it can escalate to serious conditions, causing joint pain, fever, abdominal discomfort, and even fatalities. Presently, no specific medications are available to treat dengue.
People who are infected are advised to rest, take acetaminophen for pain or fever and stay hydrated. There are vaccines for children aged 9 to 16 who have previously tested positive for dengue and reside in areas where the infection is common.
Preventing Mosquito-Borne Diseases
The Hawaii Department of Health urges travelers returning from dengue-affected areas to take precautions against mosquito bites for three weeks. If symptoms develop within two weeks of returning, it’s crucial to seek medical attention.
Experts suggest that individuals should remove standing water to prevent mosquito breeding. This can include emptying buckets, monitoring potted plants, and clearing containers like rain barrels or cups left outside, as stated by health officials.
Insect repellents containing DEET, picaridin, or oil of lemon eucalyptus are effective at deterring mosquitoes. People are also encouraged to wear long sleeves and pants, especially during dusk when mosquitoes are most active.
Using screens in windows and doors can help keep mosquitoes out, and those living in high-risk areas should consider sleeping under mosquito nets and further reducing standing water around their homes.
The CDC also recommends using EPA-registered insect repellents when outdoors in mosquito-prone areas, and treating outdoor clothing with permethrin for added protection.
