China’s Concerns Over Middle East Conflicts

On Thursday, China’s Foreign Ministry expressed its “deep concern” regarding the ongoing conflict in the Middle East involving Iran and its proxies against the United States, urging all parties to “remain calm.”

This statement came after Yemen’s Houthi group reignited hostilities in alignment with Tehran, threatening to target vessels in the Bab el-Mandeb Strait, particularly those linked to Saudi Arabia. While the Houthis have historically claimed they would not harm Chinese-related ships, it’s worth mentioning that they had previously attacked vessels associated with China during their attempts to disrupt maritime traffic following Hamas’s attack on Israel on October 7, 2023.

China has long backed Iranian interests in the region, including support for groups like Hamas. However, leaders in China, notably Xi Jinping, have distanced themselves from Iran amid the current U.S. tensions. They have repeatedly urged all involved to respect navigation freedom in the Strait of Hormuz, which has seen blockades from Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps (IRGC) since March. Given China’s significant dependence on Middle Eastern oil, this scenario places it in a particularly vulnerable position despite not directly participating in the fighting.

When asked about the escalation, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Lin Jian did not differentiate between allies Iran and the United States. He emphasized that all parties should halt the conflict, stating, “China is deeply concerned about the recent escalation in the Middle East and the Gulf region.” Lin noted that the resolution of the negotiations was challenging and that ongoing warfare serves no one’s interest. He further insisted on the need for respect for the sovereignty and security of the countries involved.

Lin called for a cessation of hostilities, urging a return to dialogue and political solutions. He added that China is “ready to make further efforts” to help end the conflict, despite not having a notable role in the ongoing disputes.

Despite China’s attempts to convey impartiality, the Chinese Ambassador to Tehran, Kong Peiwu, expressed support for Iran’s sovereignty, declaring that China backs Iran’s efforts to protect its national interests. He characterized China’s position as supporting peace while maintaining a “fair and responsible” stance regarding U.S. aggression.

China’s diplomatic communications have coincided with a resurgence of Houthi activity in the region. This week, the Houthis declared a “maritime embargo” on Saudi vessels in the Red Sea, leveraging their geographical position along the southern coast. This group, which has been trying to overthrow Yemen’s legitimate government since 2014, is backed by Iran and promotes an aggressive anti-American and anti-Israel narrative.

In statements attributed to a Houthi spokesman, they conveyed that any aggressive moves by Saudi Arabia would be met with a firm response. They’ve also claimed responsibility for attacks on two Saudi tankers recently, raising alarm regarding potential risks to China’s economic interests, as it relies heavily on Saudi oil.

Interestingly, despite the escalating tensions, a Chinese-owned tanker managed to pass through the Bab el-Mandeb Strait carrying oil. However, the shifting landscape continues to cast doubt on future maritime safety, particularly following a past attack on a Chinese vessel by the Houthis.

These multifaceted developments illustrate China’s awkward position, striving to balance its interests while navigating the stormy waters of Middle Eastern geopolitics.