Quantum Computing and Rare Earth Processing
Quantum computing might offer the U.S. and its allies a fresh approach to decrease their dependency on China for key rare earth elements. One tech company is optimistic that this advanced technology could streamline the extraction and processing of Western supplies, which are often quite limited.
Pasqal is joining forces with USA Rare Earth and Riven Systems to investigate how combining quantum computing, artificial intelligence, and rapid chemical testing might enhance the separation and processing of rare earth elements.
According to Pasqal’s CEO, Wasiq Bokhari, the main aim is to maximize the amount of useful rare earth materials derived from existing resources outside of China.
Bokhari highlights that China holds a significant grip on the global rare earth supply chain, and meanwhile, the U.S. and its partners are striving to create alternative channels for materials essential in magnets, electronics, defense systems, and advanced manufacturing.
When discussing resource limitations, Bokhari mentioned that it becomes crucial to enhance efficiency in identifying these elements. Rare earth elements don’t typically exist in isolation; instead, they usually mingle with other minerals. Thus, separating them chemically is a complex task.
Quantum computing could potentially help in this regard. It can provide deeper insights into the molecular structures containing these elements, possibly aiding researchers in discovering properties that could facilitate more efficient separation.
“What we can do is develop models of the molecules or compounds in which these rare earth elements are found…” he explained. “Identifying their specific properties helps us separate them more effectively from less rare materials.”
Bokhari emphasized that collaborating on advanced technologies could aid the U.S. and its allies in alleviating their reliance on foreign-controlled supply chains. He pointed out that the consequences of such dependence reach beyond mere mining operations and processing plants, influencing crucial technologies ranging from those used in defense to electronics.
“If we find ourselves in a sensitive situation where we still need these materials but someone else controls access, that could constrict supply,” he cautioned. “We could lose access to important materials for both home defense and other applications.”
Reflecting on global disruptions during the COVID era, he noted the significant risks associated with supply chain failures. Understanding potential vulnerabilities is increasingly vital, especially considering the high-value nature of these components.
Bokhari also pointed out that even small improvements in the separation process could lead to substantial yield increases. “If I can double or triple or even increase by a factor of ten the amount of rare earth elements extracted per ton of rock, that’s a game changer,” he mentioned.
Although conventional computers excel at various tasks, Bokhari argues that quantum systems have unique advantages, particularly when it comes to modeling materials or chemicals and evaluating vast options rapidly.
He likened the current state of quantum computing to how artificial intelligence was viewed before the rise of tools like ChatGPT brought it into the public eye. “For the longest time, it operated under the radar… But then came this realization of its relevance,” he explained.
Looking ahead, Bokhari expressed confidence that quantum computing is not some distant dream. “Please don’t pigeonhole it as a futuristic idea. For us at Pasqal, it’s very much a reality today, tackling actual business challenges,” he concluded.
